cin gashin kanta a kasar da daga baya aka rika kira Abuja. Da ma kuma jama’ar yankin suna biyayya ga sarakunan Zazzau.

Wannan masarauta ta Habe ta rayu har ya zuwa lokacin zuwan Turawan mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya, duk kuwa da matsanantan hare-hare da Fulani ke kai masu. Kuma sarakunann Zazzau na Abuja, sun rike mukaman da suke da su na asali tun daga Zariya.

Sarakunan Habe na Suleja (Abu-Ja)
Sarakunan Habe na Suleja (Abuja), sun samo asali ne daga tsatson Is’haq Jatau, Sarkin Zazzau na hamsin da tara a Zariya, wanda ya yi sarauta daga shekarar 1782 zuwa 1802. Ga kuma jerin sarakunan da suka yi mulki a wannan masarauta ta Suleja (Abu-Ja) daga farko zuwa yau:

Muahammadu Makau daga shekarar 1804 zuwa 1825

Abu-Ja daga shekarar 1825 zuwa 1851

Abu-Kwaka  daga shekarar 1851 zuwa 1877

Ibrahim Iyalai daga shekarar 1877 zuwa 1902

Muhammad Ganu daga shekarar 1902 zuwa 1917

Musa Angulu daga shekarar 1917 zuwa 1944

Suleman Barau daga shekarar 1944 zuwa 1979

Ibrahim Dodo Musa daga shekarar 1979 zuwa 1993

Muhammad Awwal Ibrahim daga shekarar 1993 zuwa yanzu

A yanzu dai akwai masarautu biyu na Zazzau, wato Zazzau ta Fulani da ke da hedikwata a Zariya, da kuma Zazzau ta Habe mai hedikwata  a Abuja wato wurin da a yanzu aka fi sani da Sule-Ja).

*Sarakunan Fulani*
A lokacin da Shehu Usmanu Dafodiyo ya yi jihadi daga shekarar 1804, kasar Zazzau ta dangana da inda Habe suka tsaya, wato kasar Idah a jihar Kogi ta yau

A zamanin Sarkin Zazzau, Malam AbdulKarim, daga baryar kudu masarautar Zazzau ta dangana da har zuwa inda a yanzu ake kira Nasarawa, kuma har zuwa gabar kogin Benuwai.

A baryar arewa kuwa ta yi iyaka da sauran kasashen Hausa bakwai, kamar Katsina ta fuskar arewa, da Kano ta fuskar arewa maso gabas, sai Bauchi da Filato a arewa maso yamma. Kuma daga Zazzau ne ake nada sarakunan kasashen da ke karkashin masarautar ta Zazzau

Sarkin Zazzau na farko a karkashin daular Usumaniyya, shi ne Malam Musa, wanda Shehu Usumanu Danfodiyo ya ba tutar jaddada musulunci a kasar Zazzau, kuma na karshe kuma shi ne Sarkin Zazzau Makau wanda Turawan mulkin mallaka suka kawar.

Ga kuma jerin sunayen sarakunan Zazzau na Fulani:

Malam Musa daga shekarar 1804 zuwa 1821                                                    

Malam Yamusa deaga shekarar 1821 zuwa 1834                                                          

Malaam AbdulKarimu daga shekarar 1834 zuwa 1846

Malam Hammada daga shekarar 1846 zuwa 1853                                                 

Mamman Sani daga shekarar 1846 -1853

Sidi AbdulKadir daga shekarar 1853-1853

Malam AbdusSalami daga shekarar 1853 zuwa 1854

Malam AbdulLahi (nadi na farko) daga shekarar 1857 zuwa 1871 da (nadi na biyu)

daga shekarar 1874 zuwa 1879

Malam Abubakar daga shekarar 1879 zuwa 1888

Muhammadu Sambo daga shekarar 1888 zuwa 1890

Muhammadu Yero daga 1890 zuwa 1897

Sarki Malam Kwasau daga 1897 zuwa 1902 (shi ne sarki na karshe kafin zuwan Turawa)

Zuwan Turawan mulkin mallaka

Alu Dan Sidi (shi ne Sarkin Zazzau wanda Turawan mulkin mallaka suka fara nadawa) daga shekarar 1903 zuwa 1920

Sarki Dalhatu daga shekarar 1920 zuwa 1924

Sarki Ibrahim Dan Sarkin Zazzau Kwasau daga shekarar 1924 zuwa 19337

Sarki Jafaru daga shekarar 1937 zuwa 1959

Alhaji Muhammadu Aminu daga shekarar 1959 zuwa 1975

Alhaji Shehu Idris (wanda ke kan karagar mulki yanzu) daga shekarar 1975 zuwa yau


*Gidajen Sarautar Zazzau*
A karkashin Daular Fulani, masarautar Zazzau tana da gidaje hudu, wadanda  suka hada da:

·        *Gidan Mallawa* wanda Malam Musa ya kafa,

1. Sarkin Zazzau Malam musa

2. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Abdulkadir dan Musa

3. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Abubakar dan Musa

4. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Alu Dan Sidi.

·     *Gidan Barebari* wanda Yamusa ya kafa,

1.Sarkin Zazzau Malam Yamusa

2. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Hammada dan Yamusa

3. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Mamman Sani dan Yamusa

4. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Abdullahi dan Hammada                                                         

5. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Yero dan Abdullahi

6. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Kwasau dan Abdullahi

7. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Dalhatu dan Yaro

8. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Ibrahim dan Kwasau

9. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Ja'afaru dan Isiyaku

·        *Gidan Katsinawa*
wanda Malam AbdulKarim ya kafa,

1. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Abdulkarim

2. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Sambo dan Abdulkarimu

3. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Muhammadu Aminu

4. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Shehu dan Idrisu Auta

·        *Gidan Sullubawa (Fulani)* wanda Malam AbdusSalam ya kafa.

1. Sarkin Zazzau Malam Abdulsalam

Kowanne gida dai ya biyo asalin inda wanda ya kafa shi ne ya fito. Mallawa Fulanin Futo Toro  ne da suka fito daga kasar Mali,

Barebari kuma sun fito ne daga Kukawa a yankin da a yau aka fi sani da Jihohin Barno da Yobe, amma asali su Fulani ne, kuma ana kallon su ne a matsayin Fulani. Saboda haka ne ma ake kiransu da Fulata-Barno.

Haka Sullubawa Fulani ne da suka fito daga yankin jihohin Sakkwato da Kebbi, kuma yadda AbdusSalami Basullube ya sami sarautar Zazzau kenan.


*Yadda aka sami gidaje hudu na sarautar Zazzau*

Gidan sarautar Zazzau ya kasu hudu ne, saboda Zazzau kasa ce wadda ta tattara dimbin al’umma da suka fito daga wurare daban-daban, don neman ilimin addinin musulunci.

Saboda haka, a lokacin da jihadin Shehu Usman Danfodiyo ya zo, an sami malama ne masana  ilimin addinin musulunci, da shari’o’i, da kuma ka’idar mulki na musulunci.

A lokaci ba wai ana la’akari ne da cewa wane ya gada ko wane ne ya gada ba, ana neman wanda zai zama khalifa, don tabbatar da kafuwar addinin musulunci a Zazzau.

Zazzau wata cibiya ce, tun ma kafin jihadi Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, saboda kasancewarta ‘Zo-zo�, kasa mai albarka, mai daukar komai da komai na noma, tana da laima da ni’ima. Kowa yana son ya je ya zauna a Zazzau, ya amfana ta fuskar noma da kiwo.

Wannan ya sa Fulani da yawa suka zauna a Zazzau tun zamanin mulkin Habe, kuma da yawansu abin da suke yi baya ga kiwo, shi ne karatun addini. Kuma lokacin da dan uwansu Shehu Usman Danfodiyo ya bullo, sun kai masa gaisuwar caffa, suka yi masa mubayi’a, ya yarda da su. Suka zauna da shi, suka yi karatu tare da shi, suka yi yake-yaken da aka yi tsakanin Sarkin Gobir da Usman Danfodiyo.

Tun kafin a yi ganuwa, akwai mutane, wato Fulani, irin su Malam Musa da Yamusa da Malam AbdulKarim da su AbdulSalam da ke zaune a cikin garin Zariya, suna koyarwa ta addinin musulunci.

Da suka ji bullowar Shehu Usman Danfodiyo yana zuwa wurare daban-daban yana kira da a gyara addinin musulunci, suka yadda da abin da yake yi, suka yi masa mubaya’a

Tarihi ma ya nuna cewa, Malam AbdulKarim ya zauna da Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo, ya yi karatu a wajensa. Shi kuwa Malam Musa kusan tsaran Shehu Mujaddadi ne, kuma tare suke tafiye-tafiye.


Gidan Malam Musa

Malam Musa shi aka ba tutar sarauta a lokacin da jihadi ya iso Zariya, Malam Musa shi aka ba wannan tuta, don ya yi jagoranci, kuma bayan mutuwar Malam Musa, ba a mayar da sarautar ta zama gado ba.

To, bayan mutuwarsa ba a mayar da abin ya zama gado ba, sai aka ba wani daga cikin malaman da suke tare da Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wato Malam Musa. Kuma Shehun ne da kansa ya ba shi tutar halifanci.

Gidan Malam Yamusa

Kana sai Shehu Usman Danfodiyo ya ba Malam Yamusa shugaban rundunar sojojin yaki na Malam Musa a matsayin Madakin  Zazzau.                                                 

Gidan Malam AbdulKarimu

Shi kuma Malam AbdulKarimu, Shehun ya ba shi sarautar Sa’in Zazzau, wato mai ilimin rabon arzikin kasa.Ya san masu dabbobi da suka cancanci bayar da zakka, ya san manoman da suka cancanci bayar da zakka, ya san nisabin dukiyar da za a fitar wa zakka. Ya kuma san su wa ya kamata a ba zakkar.

Gidan Malam AbdulSalam

Shi kuwa Malam AbdulSalami yana cikin dalibai Fulani wadanda suka yi amfani wajen taimakon Shehu Usman Danfodiyo a yake-yaken da ya yi tsakaninsa da Sarkin Gobir. Amma shi ba ya bullo ne kamar yadda su Malam Musa da Yamusa da AbdulKarimu suka bullo ba.

Hawan Malam AbdulSalam kan gadon sarauta ya kasance raba-gardama ne, saboda lokacin da sarautar Zazzau ta koma gado, ’ya’yan gidan sarakunan guda uku suka fara cewa sai daga cikinsu ne za a sami wanda zai zama sarki a Zazzau, sai ‘ya’yan Sarkin Zazzau Yamusa suka fara irin wannan  sarautar. Inda Hammada ya fara sarauta, daga nan sai kanensa Mamman Sani.

Bayan Mamman Sani ya kau, sai Sidi AbdulKadir, babban dan Malam Musa da Shehu Usman Danfodiyo ya ba tuta, ya zama sarki bisa gado. Shi ma yana da ilimin addini, kuma ya cancanci rike sarautar.

Sai dai bayan da Sidi AbdulKadir ya zama sarkin Zazzau, an yi ta samun kwamacala da rigingimu, tun da abin ya zama gado kowa ma dan gida yana ganin ya cancanci rike sarautar. Daga nan aka fara samun rashin yarda da juna, har aka kai kara Sakkwato, aka dakatar da Sarkin Zazzau Sidi AbdulKadir daga sarauta. Shi kuma ya ce, duk zargin da ake masa na sarautar ba shi kadai yake sarautar ba. Tare da shawarar dukkan ’yan majalisarsa ake yi, wato su masu son a ba su sarautar nan. Saboda haka, ba wanda ya cancanta a cikinsu, kamar yadda shi ma bai cancanta ba.

Saboda haka, sai sarkin musulmi na wancan lokaci ya ga ya fi dacewa a dauko wani malami cikin daliban Shehu Danfodiyo a ba shi jagoranci, duk da ya manyanta a wannan lokaci. Kuma lokacin ya yi tsawo, Malam Musa ya yi shekaru goma sha, Yamusa ya yi shekaru goma sha, AbdulKarim ya yi shekaru goma sha, Hammada ya yi ’yan kwanaki, Mamman Sani ya yi shekaru, Sidi AbdulKadir ya yi wata takwas zuwa goma a gadon sarauta. To, idan ka tara wadannan shekaru, ka ga an dumfari shekaru arba’in.

To, shi Malam AbdulSalam idan ka dora shekara arba’in a kan shekarunsa, ka ga ya manyanta. Amma sai sarkin musulmi na wancan lokaci ya ce a ba AbdulSalami sarautar Zazzau ya rike. Da haka ya zama raba-gardama. Ba a ba kowa ba daga cikin ‘ya’yan wadancan sarakuna. Wannan kuma shi ne dalilin zuwan gida na hudu a sarautar Zazzau kenan, wato don a sami natsuwa.                                                                                                                                                                                                            

Ta haka ne aka sami wadannan khalifofi guda hudu, kuma kowannensu an ba shi sarauta ne a matsayin kansa na masanin addinin musulunci, na mai biyayya da gaskata abin da jihadin Shehu Usman Danfodiyo ya kawo bisa koyarwa Alkur’ani da Sunnar Manzon Allah (SAW).


Tarihin Mai Martaba Sarkin Zazzau, Alhaji Dokta Shehu Idris
Haihuwa da Tsatson Sarki

Mai martaba Sarkin Zazzau, Alhaji Dokta Shehu Idris, an haife shi ne a watan Maris na shekarar 1936. Wanda ya haife shi ne Mai Unguwa Auta. Sunan na Auta aka fi sani, amma sunansa na Littafi shi ne Idrisu. Shi da ne, dan autan Mai Martaba Sarkin Zazzau Muhammadu Sambo.

Shi kuma Sarki Muhamadu Sambo da ne, kuma na biyu a cikin ‘ya’yan Sarkin Zazzau Malam AbdulKarim. Shi kuma Sarkin Zazzau Malam AbdulKarim shi ne na farko a daular Fulani karkashin jaddada addinin musulunci da Shehu Usumanu Danfodiyo ya yi a kasar Zazzau, kuma shi ne ya assasa gidan Katsinawa a sarautar Zazzau.

Ina Sarki ya taso?

Shi Mai martaba Sarki lokacin mahaifinsu yana Mai Unguwa a unguwar Iya a nan aka haife shi. Unguwar Iya wata unguwa ce da ke tsakanin unguwar Durumi da Kuyanbana. A nan ya girma, ya shekara akalla bakwai, inda har ya shiga makarantar allo, ya fara karatun addini.

A nan dai unguwar Iya ya yi makarantar farko da Bature ya gina a cikin birnin Zariya, wadda ake kira ‘Town School one�, ita ce kuma makaranatar ‘Kofar Kuyanbana Local Government Education Primary School�. Yanzu ana ce mata ‘Waziri Lawal Local Government Education Primary School�, a nan ya fara karatu.

Bayan ya gama sai ya tafi Alhudahuda College, lokacin ana kiran makarantar da sunan ‘Middle School�.  Daga nan aka yi masa sauyi, ya koma makarantar koyar da malunta a Katsina lokacin ana kiran ta ‘Katsina Teachers� College�.To, a nan ya koyi aikin koyarwa, wanda shi ne babbar sana’arsa ta farko da ya iya.

Daga baya mai martaba ya sauya daga malamin makaranta ya shiga aikin mulki, wanda har ya je kasar Ostireliya (Australia). Yana cikin daliban farko da ofishin jakadancin Ostireliya suka dauki dawainiyarsu suka je suka yi karatu na koyon ilimin mulki a kasar ta Osireliya

Wuraren da ya yi aiki

Daga shekarar 1956 ya koyar a wurare daban-daban a cikin garin Zariya da kauyuka. Ya koyar a Zangon Aya, ya koyar a Paki, har ya yi hedimasta a Pakin. Ya kuma yi hedimasta a Hancin Kare a makarantar ‘Town School No.3’�.

A shekarar 1962 ya koma aikin mulki, lokacin da ya koma karkashin hukumar ‘NA� (Native Authority) ta Zariya a zamanin Sarkin Zazzau Aminu. Inda ya gwama aiki biyu, wato yana aiki a hukumar ‘NA�, kuma yana aiki a matsayin jami’in sadarwa na hukumar kula da kananan hukumomi da masarautu na jihar Arewa.

Daga baya Mai Martaba Sarkin Zazzau Muhammadu Aminu ya ba shi mukamin Babban sarakatare na musamman na sarki. Daga nan ne sai aka nada shi sarauta, ya zama wakilin ofis, wato mai daukar nauyin duk abin da ya shafi aikin masarauta a karkashin ‘Native Authority� a wannan lokacin.                                                             

Ya rike wannan mukami na tsawon kamar shekara biyu zuwa uku, sai Mai Martaba Sarkin Zazzau Muhammadu Aminu ya nada shi hakimin birni da kewaye, mukamin da ya rike na tsawon shekara biyu zuwa uku, yana hakimi. Kuma Dan Madamin Zazzau.

A shekarar 1975 likafarsa ta yi gaba, aka ba shi a sarautar Sarkin Zazzau.

Sauyin da ya kawo a sarautar Zazzau cikin shekaru arba’in da biyar yana mulki

Makusantan Sarkin suna ganin ba wani al’amari da ya shafi rayuwar Zage-zagi a birnin Zariya ko a masarautar Zazzau ne da ba a sami ci gaba ba. Ta fuskar ilimi, tun daga kananan makarantun firamare zuwa sakandire, zuwa na gaba da sakandire, zuwa jami’o’i, makarantun sojoji da sauransu da aka yi a masarautarsa, akalla ba za a rasa makarantu ashirin ba.

Iyalin Sarki

Allah Ya albarkaci mai martaba Sarkin Zazzau Alhaji Dokta Shehu Idris da iyali masu yawa. Yana da mata hudu, da ‘ya’ya maza da mata da yawansu ba zai gaza arba’in da biyu ko da biyar ba.

Dabi’u da halayen Sarki

Daya daga cikin hakiman masarautar Zazzau, Salanken Zazzau, Dokta Muhammadu Bello AbdulKadir, ya ce, babbar baiwar da Allah Ya yi wa mai martaba Sarkin Zazzau, Alhaji Shehu Idris, shi ne hakuri, yana da hakuri matuka.

Ga shi kuma yana da kawaici, wanda a sakamakon haka ne ya kai kusan shekara ashirin yana sarauta, amma bai nada kowa daga cikin ‘ya’yansa sarauta ba, saboda kawaici. Sai da dattawa suka matsa masa, cewa idan bai nada ‘ya’yansa a sarauta ba, wa zai nada masa su.

Hakurinsa da dauriya suka sa Zazzau ta zama kowa ya zo karbabbe ne, zai zo ya sami karbuwa wajen al’umma ya yi kasuwanci, ko ya nemi ilimi, ko ya yi kasuwanci ko sana’a da sauransu.

Don haka, birnin Zariya ya zama wata matattarar kowacce kabila daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya; ba kabilar da ba za ka samu ba a masarautar Zazzau.


Masallacin Juma’ar masarautar Zazzau
Zazzau wurin ne wanda tun kafin bullowar jihadin Shehu Usman Danfodiyo akwai rukuni-rukuni na Fulani a cikin gari da kauyuka wadanda aikinsu shi ne bayar da karatu na addinin musulunci. Kuma tun a wannan lokaci akwai masallacin juma’a a unguwar Juma cikin birnin Zariya, wanda aka gina a zamanin mulkin Isiyaku Jatau wanda Habe ne.

Malaman unguwar Juman nan ko da aka yi jihadi sun ci gaba da limanci, kuma har yau su ke limanci, tun da su ma Fulani, kuma an same su da iliminsu. Ko da Sarkin Zazzau Malam AbdulKarim ya gina masallaci a kofar fada, wancan masallacin na unguwar Juma ya rushe, an ci gaba da yin sallar Juma’a tare da limanci wadannan Fulani na unguwar Juma.Har yau zuri’arsu ke limanci. 

Abin da kasar Zazzau ta ginu a kai
Ita Zazzau kasa ce da ma da ta ginu ne a kan abubuwa biyu, wato ilimin addinin musulunci, da harkar noma da kiwo. Kuma ko da Shehu Usman Danfodiyo ya yi jihadinsa abin da ya karfafa kenan.

*Wasan Kanawa da Zage-zagi*
Kamar yadda masana tarihi kan fada, mai karfi shi ke da iko. To, a wancan zamani, daular da ta yi karfi sai ta yunkura ta je ta mamaye wata. To, inda aka yi nasara, sai ka ji, amma inda aka gwabza, aka yi kare jini biri, ko kuma kowa ya tare kan iyakarsa, sai ka ji irin wadannan wasannin suna aukuwa.

Haka ma inda aka sami nasarar cin su da yaki, sai ka ji irin wannan wasa yana faruwa. Misali za ka ga Katsinawa da Gobirawa ana irin wannan wasa.

To, Kanawa da Zage-zagi ma akwai wannan wasa, cewa ita Sarauniya Amina ta kai hari Kano har Kofar Mata. Wannan kofar ai ana cewa nan ne aka dakatar da Sarauniya Amina, aka hana ta shiga cikin birnin Kano.

A wancan zamani na mulkin Habe dai, an ce an wani sarkin Kano ya kawo farmaki har Zariya, amma aka tare shi a tsakanin yankin da a yanzu aka sani da karamar hukumar Kubau, wajen garin Kargi. Aka yi ba-ta-kashi.

Saboda haka, ba mamaki ka ji ana wasa tsakanin Fulani da Barebari, tsakanin Katsinawa da Gobirawa, tsakanin har